Expert content written by psychologists, educators and psychiatrists. Multilingual, evidence-based.
Pillar articles with all key information on each condition
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood, affecting between 5% and 8% of the world's children. Despite being widely discussed, ADHD remains widely misunderstood — too often confused with laziness, poor parenting, or simple impulsivity, when it actually has a well-documented neurobiological basis.Understanding ADHD in depth is the first step for families, educators and professionals to provide the right support. This guide, developed from a neuropsychological and pedagogical perspective, covers everything you need to recognise, understand and support ADHD with both rigour and compassion.
Complete GuideAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting 1-2% of the population. It is characterised by a different way of perceiving the world, establishing social relationships and processing information, with extraordinarily wide clinical heterogeneity. The DSM-5 unified the former categories (classic autism, Asperger syndrome, PDD-NOS) under a single "spectrum" in 2013, recognising the dimensional continuity of the condition.
Complete GuideDyslexia is the most common specific learning disorder affecting reading, with a prevalence of 10-15% of the population. It has nothing to do with intelligence — many people with dyslexia have above-average cognitive abilities — and everything to do with how the brain processes the phonological code that underlies reading.
Complete GuideGiftedness and high abilities — encompassing intellectual giftedness, specific talent, precocity and exceptional creativity — affect between 2% and 5% of the population and generate specific educational and psychosocial needs that, when not recognised and addressed, can result in school failure, emotional difficulties and underachievement. The myth that "they'll be fine on their own" has real, documented consequences.
Complete GuideAnxiety is the nervous system's adaptive response to perceived threat. With an estimated prevalence of 15-20% in school-age children, anxiety disorders are the most common mental health problems in childhood and adolescence, and frequently co-occur with ADHD, ASD and giftedness.
Complete GuideThe term neurodiversity was coined in 1998 by Australian sociologist Judy Singer to describe natural variation in human neurological functioning. The central premise is that neurological differences like autism, ADHD, dyslexia or giftedness are not disorders to be "cured", but natural variations of the human brain that bring unique strengths and perspectives.
Complete GuideSpecific learning disorders (SLD) are neurobiological conditions that affect the ability to learn specific academic skills — reading, writing, spelling, arithmetic — persistently and disproportionately relative to chronological age, intelligence and instruction received.
Specialised subtopics and specific resources